Samoa is a small island developing state in the Pacific. It is highly vulnerable to extreme weather events and disasters from natural hazards. Floods and droughts in recent years have worsened due to climate change. The Vaisigano River, Samoa’s largest river, provides 60% of the nation’s drinking water, while its urban Apia catchment is home to 20% of the country’s population. Frequent flooding has damaged infrastructure and disrupted lives.  

At the same time, Samoa’s reliance on imported fossil fuels for energy creates economic strain and energy insecurity. Transitioning to renewable energy is critical to reducing these vulnerabilities and achieving long-term sustainability.

The Alaoa Multipurpose Dam Project is designed to address these challenges. It involves constructing a multipurpose dam for flood risk reduction and seasonal water supply. By regulating water flow and storing excess rainfall, the dam will reduce flood risks, protect critical infrastructure, and ensure a stable water supply during dry seasons. Additionally, its integrated hydropower facility will contribute to Samoa’s renewable energy mix, supporting the country’s transition to cleaner and more sustainable power sources. 

Funded by ADB and Ireland, the project envisions these results:  

• Reduced flooding frequency and severity in Apia City, Samoa’s capital. This will safeguard homes, businesses, and public infrastructure. 
• Stable and reliable water supply during droughts, ensuring clean water for the community and supporting public health, agriculture, and industry.  
• Expanded renewable energy by adding 1.2% more clean electricity annually from a hydropower plant, reducing reliance on fossil fuels, and contributing to Samoa’s goal of 70% renewable energy by 2031. 
• Enhanced environmental resilience through capacity-building initiatives that support flood management and biodiversity conservation. 

The project has created a pioneering biodiversity offset trust fund, guaranteeing no net loss to Samoa’s natural environment. Additionally, this fund will provide sustainable financing for biodiversity protection and enhancement even after the project concludes. 

A future with reduced flood risks, clean water, and sustainable energy is on the horizon for Samoa. The Alaoa Multipurpose Dam will be a cornerstone of the country’s resilience strategy, empowering communities and fostering long-term sustainability.